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{{short description|American cellist, composer, producer, singer, and musician}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name            = Arthur Russell
| image           = 
| image_size      = 180px
| caption         =
| birth_name      = Charles Arthur Russell Jr.
| alias           = {{flatlist|
* Loose Joints
* Dinosaur
* Dinosaur L
* Indian Ocean
* Killer Whale
* Jigmé
* In The Corn Belt<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lawrence |first1=Tim |title=Hold onto your Dreams |publisher=Duke University Press}}</ref>
}}
| birth_date      = May 21, 1951
| birth_place     = Oskaloosa, Iowa, U.S.
| death_date      = April 4, 1992 (aged 40)
New York City, U.S.
| death_place     = New York City, U.S.
| genre           = {{flatlist|
* [[Avant-garde music|Avant-garde]]
* [[disco]]
* [[art pop]]
* minimal music|minimalist
* folk music|folk
* [[new wave music|new wave]]
}}
| occupation      = {{flatlist|
* Composer
* producer<ref name="allmusic" />
* singer
}}
| instrument      = {{flatlist|
* Cello
* keyboards
* guitar
* drums
* programming
}}
| years_active    = 1973–1992
| label           = {{flatlist|
* Sire Records|Sire
* West End Records|West End
* Les Disques du Crépuscule
* Rough Trade Records|Rough Trad
* Point Music|Point
* Orange Mountain
* Audika
}}
| associated_acts = {{flatlist|
* [[Talking Heads]]
* [[Philip Glass]]
* Allen Ginsberg
* Larry Levan
* Walter Gibbons
}}
| website         = {{URL|https://audikarecords.bandcamp.com/}}
}}
'''Charles Arthur Russell Jr.''' (May 21, 1951 – April 4, 1992) was an American cellist, composer, producer, singer, and musician from [[Iowa]], whose work spanned a disparate range of styles. After studying [[contemporary classical music|contemporary composition]] and [[Indian classical music]] in California, Russell relocated to New York City in the mid-1970s, where he became involved with both [[Lower Manhattan]]'s [[avant-garde]] community and the city's burgeoning [[disco]] scene. 

== Connections ==
Russell crossed paths with [[Talking Heads]] as both were active in the 1970's art-rock [[New York City|New York]] music scene. 

* [[David Byrne]] was a guest guitarist on [[Kiss Me Again]], a song by Russell under the name [[Dinosaur L|Dinosaur]].
* Russell was in talks to join Talking Heads in 1976, who were a trio at the time. [[Jerry Harrison]] ended up as their choice for a fourth member.
* Russell was intended as a guest musician on their [[Talking Heads: 77|debut album]], playing cello on an acoustic version of [[Psycho Killer|''Psycho Killer'']]. Although the main release of the song did not include him, this version was included as a bonus track with the 2005 re-release of [[Talking Heads: 77|''Talking Heads: 77'']].
* In 1988, he contributed cello to ''[[Bill]]'' from the final Talking Heads album, ''[[Naked]]''.

== Career ==

===1973–1975: Early years in New York and The Kitchen===
In 1973, Russell moved to New York and enrolled in a formal degree program at the Manhattan School of Music, cross-registering in electronic music and linguistics classes at Columbia University. While studying at the conservatory, Russell repeatedly clashed with Pulitzer Prize-winning serialist composer and instructor Charles Wuorinen, who disparaged the composition "City Park" (a minimalist, non-narrative suite incorporating readings from the works of Ezra Pound and Gertrude Stein) as "the most unattractive thing I've ever heard".

Embittered by his experience, Russell briefly considered transferring to Dartmouth College at the behest of experimental composer Christian Wolff, whom he had sought out and befriended upon arriving in the Northeast. But after a chance meeting at a Wolff concert in Manhattan, he became close with Rhys Chatham, who arranged for Russell to succeed him as music director of [[The Kitchen]], a downtown avant-garde performance space. As a result, he abandoned his studies and remained in New York. Russell and Chatham later briefly roomed together in a sixth-story walkup apartment at 437 East 12th Street in the East Village; Ginsberg (who maintained his primary residence in the building from 1975 to 1996 and helped Russell secure the apartment) supplied electricity to the impoverished composers through an extension cord. Russell resided in the apartment for the rest of his life. During his tenure at The Kitchen (from the autumn of 1974 to the summer of 1975), he greatly expanded the breadth and purview of the venue's offerings, crafting a program that "support[ed] other local and relatively low profile composers rather than... accentuat[ing] the work of composers who were beginning to acquire an international reputation." This approach elicited controversy when Russell booked Boston-based [[proto-punk]] band [[The Modern Lovers]] for an engagement at the venue, widely regarded as a leading bastion of minimalism. Russell's booking of Fluxus stalwart Henry Flynt's "punkabilly" ensemble Nova'billy, concluding his season as director, was likewise unsettling to the avant-garde establishment. According to biographer Tim Lawrence, "the decision to program the Modern Lovers and [[Talking Heads]] was Russell's way of demonstrating that minimalism could be found outside of compositional music, as well as his belief that pop music could be arty, energetic and fun at the same time."

From 1975 to 1979, Russell was a member of The Flying Hearts, recorded by John Hammond, which consisted of Russell (keyboards/vocals), ex-[[Modern Lovers]] member Ernie Brooks (bass/vocals), Larry Saltzman (guitar), and David Van Tieghem (drums, vocals); a later incarnation in the 1980s included Joyce Bowden (vocals) and Jesse Chamberlain (drums). This ensemble was frequently augmented in live and studio performances by the likes of Chatham, [[David Byrne]], Jon Gibson, Peter Gordon, [[Jerry Harrison]], Garrett List (who succeeded Russell as musical director of The Kitchen), Andy Paley, Lenny Pickett and Peter Zummo. During the same period, various permutations of this ensemble, together with Glenn Iamaro, Bill Ruyle and Jon Sholle, performed & recorded excerpts from ''Instrumentals'', a 48-hour-long orchestral work that constituted Russell's first major work in the idiom. Selections from the ''Instrumentals'' sessions were eventually collected on an eponymously titled album, released by Belgian label Disques du Crepuscule in 1984. The collaboration among Russell (once again as a keyboardist), Brooks, and Chamberlain extended into The Necessaries, a power pop quartet fronted by guitarist Ed Tomney. Their lone 1981 album on [[Sire Records]] (initially released as ''Big Sky'' before being tweaked and re-released as ''Event Horizon'') featured few songwriting contributions from Russell, who abruptly left the band at the approach to the Holland Tunnel before an important concert in Washington, D.C.

===1976–1980: Discovery of disco and early singles===
In 1976, Russell was in talks to join [[Talking Heads]], who were a trio at the time.<ref name=":0">Owen, Frank (October 22, 2014). https://www.theguardian.com/music/2014/oct/22/arthur-russell-comedy-is-the-highest-form-of-art-a-rare-interview-from-1987. ''The Guardian''. Retrieved November 27, 2022.</ref> He recorded an acoustic version of the song "[[Psycho Killer]]" with the band, playing cello.<ref>https://www.thisisdig.com/feature/talking-heads-facts/</ref> He would also collaborate on arrangements for early Talking Heads songs.<ref>https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/david-byrne-philip-glass-allen-ginsberg-on-arthur-russell/</ref> He stated that they became friends but he "ended up not joining the band. They were all from art school and were into looking severe and cool. I was never into that. I was from music school and I had long hair at the time."<ref name=":0" />

== Discography ==


== References ==